[Research Contribution] Directions for Innovating Vietnamese Human Development within Relations of Production and Productive Forces in the Nation’s Era of Rising

4 Tháng Mười Một, 2025

Keywords: Industrial Revolution 4.0, productive forces, relations of production, human resources

Vietnamese people play a central role in both productive forces and relations of production, yet continue to face limitations in skills and ownership rights. The lack of synchronization between these two factors diminishes production efficiency and workers’ rights, necessitating the comprehensive development of Vietnamese people in the digital era. In Part 2 of the research study “The Decisive Role of Vietnamese People in Ensuring that Relations of Production Align with the Development of Productive Forces in the Nation’s New Era,” the UEH research team has proposed directions for innovating Vietnamese human development within relations of production and productive forces in the nation’s era of rising.

Thumb Lớn Thương Hiệu Học Thuật Mới (63)

First, Comprehensive development of workers in the digital era

Training in digital skills and digital literacy for workers must be implemented in a comprehensive and systematic manner to ensure they can adapt to the increasingly demanding requirements of the digital economy. These are foundational skills that enable workers to access and master technology in modern working environments. According to the Ministry of Information and Communications (2024), the application of AI has helped some enterprises increase productivity tenfold. Therefore, workers need to be capable of using enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems, e-commerce, and blockchain – critical skills that help workers adapt to the digital economic model. At the same time, digital-era workers must be educated in digital ethics and workplace culture in the digital environment. Workers need to understand personal data security, legal responsibilities when using technology, and remote teamwork skills on digital platforms. To achieve this, the Government, Universities, and Enterprises need to integrate AI and virtual reality (VR) into training and collaborate closely so that workers are continuously and comprehensively educated and trained, with criteria that meet the comprehensive competency requirements for participation in the digital labor market. Simultaneously, the Party and the State need to deploy digital skills education programs from an early stage and promote universal knowledge of information security and digital payments. In parallel, it is essential to develop technological infrastructure, strengthen online public services, and encourage communication between government authorities and citizens through digital platforms. Preferential policies to support digital enterprises, promote cashless payments, and enforce penalties for cyberspace violations also need to be refined. This helps Vietnamese people enhance their digital skills, access public services more conveniently, promote the digital economy, ensure information security, and strengthen their role in the digital society.

Second, Promoting innovation in public governance

Promoting innovation in public governance is a critical factor for enhancing administrative efficiency, optimizing work processes, and strengthening transparency in public activities. The Party, the State, and the Government need to build a working environment that encourages creativity through the deployment of models such as: Hackathon & Innovation Challenge to foster innovative models in enterprises, Open Innovation & Corporate Innovation Hub to strengthen collaboration between enterprises and startups, the Innovation Lab model to pilot and develop technology in real-world environments, the Innovation Hub model to create shared workspaces for individuals and organizations to share ideas and collaborate creatively, the Open Government & Public Sector Innovation model, and the Vietnam Open Gov Hub to enable the Government, enterprises, and citizens to jointly contribute improvement ideas for public services – thereby enhancing innovation capacity nationwide. At the same time, Vietnam must develop and enforce policies to protect digital sovereignty, promote the development of domestic technology enterprises, and ensure that critical digital means of production are owned and controlled by Vietnamese people. Promoting domestic ownership of digital means of production not only strengthens the economy’s competitiveness but also ensures data security and self-reliance in national governance. To achieve this, close coordination is required among the Government, enterprises, and relevant organizations in building technological infrastructure, training high-quality human resources, and creating a favorable environment for innovation.

Additionally, applying AI to recruitment processes brings significant benefits by optimizing the screening and selection of candidates. AI can automate tasks such as resume analysis, skills assessment through online testing, and even conducting preliminary interviews, thereby saving time and improving candidate quality (ITS Global, 2024). According to Gumi Solutions (2024), the application of AI in recruitment reduces costs by 40% and shortens recruitment time by up to 30%. Furthermore, comprehensive candidate assessment through practical tests, in-depth interviews, and soft skills evaluation ensures the selection of personnel who not only meet professional requirements but also align with organizational culture. At the same time, transparency in the recruitment process increases employee commitment, helping to improve work performance and reduce turnover rates (BCC, 2024). Therefore, using AI in the human resource selection process through establishing clear criteria and ensuring transparency helps optimize production efficiency and management in the context of Industry 4.0.

Third, Selecting, training, and evaluating officials to reform the political system, driving relations of production to keep pace with productive forces

To reform the political system and ensure that relations of production keep pace with the development of productive forces, the selection, training, and evaluation of public sector management officials must be carried out in a scientific, transparent, and effective manner in order to develop the superstructure. First, the cadre selection process should be reformed toward transparency and competitiveness, applying open competitive examinations for senior leadership positions to select individuals with genuine capability, rather than relying on internal appointments. Building a system of specific cadre evaluation criteria – encompassing public management knowledge, leadership capacity, innovative thinking, and the ability to use digital technology – is essential. The Party, the State, and the Government must build a political system in which transparency plays a crucial role in enhancing the effectiveness of national governance, consolidating public trust, and promoting sustainable development, enabling citizens and enterprises to access clear information about policies, legislation, and the state budget, thereby reducing corruption, strengthening accountability, and increasing citizen participation in the policy-making process. In addition, partnering with the nation’s leading reputable universities for specialized training of management officials using modern models is a key factor. Modern cadre management models play an important role in optimizing human resources, enhancing work performance, and promoting sustainable development in the public sector. Several exemplary models include Competency-Based Management (CBM), which evaluates officials based on specific criteria such as skills and knowledge; Talent Management, which focuses on attracting and retaining high-quality personnel; and Results-Based Management (RBM), which emphasizes output effectiveness. Additionally, the Performance Management Model (PMM) uses KPIs to evaluate officials, while the Agile HR Model supports adaptation to rapid change. Advanced models such as Big Data HR Analytics and ERP systems also help improve recruitment quality and effective personnel supervision. Combining these models will enable the political system to operate more efficiently and in line with digital technology trends. Integrating mandatory digital skills training that helps officials master ERP, data analytics software, and artificial intelligence (AI) in policy administration is essential. Collaborating with leading educational institutions to update modern public governance knowledge and applying digital management models such as those in Singapore and Germany will enhance training quality. Cadre evaluation must be based on performance and accountability – a methodology that helps improve management effectiveness and ensures transparency in the public sector.

Within the management system, it is necessary to enhance accountability to help citizens and enterprises access clear information about policies, legislation, and the state budget, thereby reducing corruption, strengthening accountability, and increasing citizen participation in the policy-making process. To achieve this, accountability must be established as a cadre evaluation criterion, requiring officials to publicly report on their work, ensure transparency in decision-making processes, and bear responsibility before oversight agencies – particularly through digital technology. Deploying dual-channel accountability management models – encompassing both oversight and feedback – such as the Smart Nation Initiative, E-Government Feedback System, Legislative Oversight, Administrative Oversight, Media and Press Monitoring, Civil Society and NGO Monitoring, and Public Consultation Platforms will help ensure more rigorous oversight while enhancing transparency and decision-making effectiveness. In addition, applying periodic evaluation systems using digital data and Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) tools helps reduce bureaucracy, optimize personnel management, and increase operational efficiency. To synchronize with this process, modern management models such as Competency-Based Management (CBM) and Results-Based Management (RBM) must be deployed. According to the OECD (2023), countries that apply transparent and competency-based cadre selection criteria have improved public management effectiveness by up to 30% and reduced relationship-based appointments by 40%. Reforming the selection process, providing specialized training, and ensuring transparent cadre evaluation will help drive relations of production to align with productive forces in the context of modernization and digital transformation. Additionally, it is necessary to strengthen and innovate reward mechanisms, linking reward policies to work outcomes on digital platforms, which will motivate officials to continuously improve productivity. According to the World Bank (2023), China’s reform of reward policies increased average labor productivity by 30%, contributing to improved human resource governance and public sector innovation.

Fourth, Building a culture of innovation with digital technology in the political system

Building a culture of innovation with digital technology in the political system is a vital factor in enhancing public governance effectiveness, while helping relations of production keep pace with the development of productive forces in the era of digital transformation. The application of digital technology not only improves decision-making processes but also creates favorable conditions for officials to proactively propose innovative initiatives. In the context where digital transformation is becoming an inevitable trend, building a culture of digital technology innovation is a critical requirement for enhancing public governance effectiveness and promoting socio-economic development. According to Resolution No. 57-NQ/TW (2024), digital transformation not only increases labor productivity but also enhances management transparency and improves the quality of public services. However, to achieve this goal, it is necessary to build a working environment that encourages creativity – one where officials and civil servants are not merely policy implementers but also proactive in proposing and deploying digital technology solutions.

From a theoretical perspective, Resolution No. 37-NQ/TW (2014) emphasizes the importance of innovative thinking in both theoretical and practical research. Summarizing practical experience, renovating mindsets, and enhancing digital capacity for officials and civil servants are prerequisites for building a modern governance system. To this end, the Party and the State need to refine the legal framework to support innovation, invest in technological infrastructure, enhance digital skills, and promote public-private partnerships (PPP). Through these efforts, public governance can become a driving force for innovation, propelling Vietnam’s robust development in the digital era. At the same time, for innovation to truly become an indispensable part of the political system, senior leaders must commit to building an open working environment where officials can contribute ideas and experiment with new management models. Establishing a two-way feedback system using digitized internal communication platforms will help enhance transparency and governance efficiency. Furthermore, the Agile Management model also needs to be applied to help the administrative apparatus adapt more quickly to societal and technological changes.

Fifth, Accelerating the application of digital technology in administrative management and political system operations

The application of digital technology in administrative management and political system operations plays a crucial role in enhancing work productivity, ensuring transparency, and optimizing decision-making processes. According to a World Bank report (2023), countries that have successfully implemented e-Government have reduced administrative costs by an average of 30% while improving citizen satisfaction with public services. Therefore, the Party, the State, and the Government need to accelerate digital transformation in administrative management as a critical step toward streamlining the apparatus and minimizing unnecessary administrative procedures. Applying e-Government helps integrate interoperable data across state agencies, limiting overlapping management functions. According to the Ministry of Information and Communications (2024), more than 80% of administrative procedures in Vietnam can be digitized, reducing document processing time from 5–7 days to less than 24 hours. AI also needs to be applied to automate processes such as document classification, decision support, and online public service delivery. Simultaneously, developing Big Data systems to support decision-making will help the political system operate more efficiently. Big data analysis enables policymakers to more accurately forecast socio-economic trends, thereby making decisions based on scientific evidence rather than intuition. For example, in Singapore, the use of big data in urban planning has reduced traffic congestion by 20% and optimized public infrastructure (OECD, 2023). For Vietnam, building centralized data repositories on demographics, economics, and administration will create conditions for the government to be more proactive in development policies. Furthermore, strengthening cybersecurity in public governance is an urgent requirement to protect personal information and national data. Cyberattacks are becoming a serious threat to the global economy, with damages estimated at 8 trillion USD in 2023 (VnEconomy, 2024), and an organization is hit by ransomware every 11 seconds, illustrating the increasingly widespread and dangerous nature of this type of attack. Therefore, Vietnam needs to accelerate the development of cybersecurity infrastructure, establish information security monitoring centers, and deploy robust digital authentication systems to ensure data is rigorously protected.

Sixth, The leadership role of the Party is a prerequisite for the comprehensive development of Vietnamese people

Under the leadership of the Communist Party of Vietnam, ensuring the success of the cause of building socialism requires the comprehensive development of Vietnamese people. Therefore, the Party must continue to innovate cadre work in a scientific and transparent direction, ensuring that the selection, training, and evaluation of officials are based on qualities, competencies, and long-term vision. This is because officials are the decisive factor in the quality of national governance and socio-economic development. President Ho Chi Minh once affirmed: “Officials are the root of all work” and “The success or failure of all endeavors depends on whether officials are good or poor,” emphasizing the core role of the cadre contingent in implementing the Party’s guidelines and policies. To ensure that the cadre contingent meets the dual requirements – being steadfast in political ideology while excelling in professional expertise and skills – the Party must simultaneously continue to refine its guidelines, orientations, and resolutions while accelerating their institutionalization into legislation and specific policies to fully unleash human potential. Strengthening inspection, oversight, and discipline within the Party must be carried out rigorously to maintain order, enhance national governance effectiveness, combat corruption and bureaucracy, and safeguard the integrity of the leadership apparatus. Additionally, it is necessary to promote democracy and encourage the participation of the people in monitoring and providing policy feedback to build a transparent and robust political system. At the same time, the Party must prioritize the development of high-quality human resources, linking education and training to the practical needs of the economy, encouraging innovation, and applying science and technology to production and management. Furthermore, building a healthy cultural and ethical environment within the Party and throughout society must be strengthened, in which officials and Party members must truly set an example in ideology, ethics, and leadership style. The close integration of the Party’s leadership role and the active participation of the people is the critical foundation for the comprehensive development of Vietnamese people, meeting the requirements of the cause of renovation, international integration, and sustainable national development.

The comprehensive development of Vietnamese people is a strategic objective in the process of national modernization, demanding close integration between economic growth and social progress. Within this, cadre work plays a pivotal role, creating the foundation for relations of production to align with the development of productive forces. Therefore, the success of Vietnam’s comprehensive human development entirely depends on the resolute leadership of the Communist Party of Vietnam, as only the Party possesses the political fortitude, organizational capacity, and ideological strength to ensure the effective implementation of this historic mission. To maintain its comprehensive leadership role, the Party must uphold discipline and order, resolutely combat corruption and bureaucracy, while expanding democracy and creating conditions for the people to exercise oversight and provide feedback. The leadership of the Party and the participation of the people form the foundation for Vietnamese human development, ensuring a transparent and effective political system in which relations of production align with the development of productive forces.

This article is part of the Series on Research Dissemination and Applied Knowledge from UEH, carrying the message “Research Contribution For All”. UEH cordially invites readers to follow the next edition of UEH Research Insights.

Research team: Prof. Dr. Nguyen Dong Phong, Assoc. Prof. Dr. Pham Thi Kien – University of Economics Ho Chi Minh City.

This article was presented at the National Scientific Conference: The Party’s Theoretical Work and Key Research Directions toward 2030, with a Vision to 2045, organized by the Communist Review, the Central Propaganda and Mass Mobilization Commissions, the Ho Chi Minh National Academy of Politics, and the Central Theoretical Council. This article is part of UEH’s series disseminating research and applied knowledge under the message “Research Contribution For All,” and UEH cordially invites readers to follow the next edition of UEH Research Insights.

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News and photos: Authors, UEH Department of Communications and Partnerships

 

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